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The MCC network has developed during the years, through correspondence between the participants and additional meetings held at other scientific conferences. Many greenhouse gas mitigation actions also benefit air quality and health but assessment of these co-benefits has been limited. Over the next several years, C40 Cities will be working with city governments to develop climate action plans. They will test the tool to explore air quality and health co-benefits of climate action pathways.
We will also assess the potential for quantifying additional health co-benefits, such as changes in ozone, nitrogen dioxide levels, physical activity, noise and green space. Data and tools will be publicly available to support additional research into links between climate and health. Their work will build a bridge between scientific evidence on co-benefits to the largest urban climate action planning effort worldwide.
Pathways will create a platform to study more cities and enable long-term integration of health co-benefits into climate action planning in cities. This project will study the complex threat heat exposures pose to human health, wellbeing and productivity in working populations in Singapore and other tropical countries, and to identify sustainable preventive policies and actions that can reduce these impacts.
Working people are particularly vulnerable to environmental heat because of their added internal heat production from muscle work. These conditions require people working or engaged in exercise outdoors to take frequent rest and cooling breaks to protect health, If workers cannot or do not take rest in relation to heat stress, serious health effects can occur, including heat stroke death.
Singapore has begun to tackle these issues by supporting mitigation and adaptation to extreme heat associated with climate change and with the urban heat island effect through research focused on public health and urban design. However, heat-health is a complex socioenvironmental problem that transgresses institutional, sectoral and disciplinary boundaries of public and occupational health and the domains of workplace, public space and the home.
As such, there is a need to complement these efforts through the provision of a programme focussed on occupational exposures and their knock-on effects to support the overall effectiveness of Singaporean investments in heat-health risk management.
These conditions are typical of many industries, including construction, shipping and utilities, including oil and gas transport and storage. There is also limited evidence available concerning occupational heat exposures, and the impact of age, body mass index, physical fitness, and sex e.
Improved knowledge is essential for the development of effective prevention programs. The researchers will pursue a multi-disciplinary approach uniquely positioned to address direct occupational heat exposures and impacts on health and productivity, but also the broader health and wellbeing implications that have yet to be comprehensively addressed in chronically heat-exposed countries such as Singapore.
For example, physical fitness is one of the best ways of increasing heat tolerance as well as overall health. Ironically, the high heat levels in Singapore do not only discourage engagement in physical exercise, but can also be a direct health threat for people involved in sports and exercise.
We will also review and test methods for analysing the most extreme effects of heat, including heat related mortality. By following impacts on workers as well as workplaces, the study will trace how heat-health impacts emerge through exposure and exertion as a result of behaviours shaped by the climatic, urban, occupational and social environments they traverse every day.
Such integrated analysis is required in order to develop policy responses that take into account the spatial and social situation of why heat-health impacts occur and how they can be managed as part of the everyday lives of chronically exposed populations. As our focus is on heat effects on working people, one secondary outcome of excessive heat exposure will be economic losses at individual, enterprise, community and national level due to a reduction of labour productivity due to heat.
Our analysis will compare such economic impacts of heat to the costs of potential methods for climate change mitigation in selected countries.
This will provide new estimates of the value of different alternatives in future climate change policy development. Extreme heat is a major concern to Arizona and a large focus of their work due to the frequency and severity of extreme heat events.
Arizona experienced about 1, heat caused deaths during — In addition to extreme heat, the arid climate leads to other hazards such as flooding during monsoon season and more wildfires due to increased drought and high temperatures.
Partnerships have led to several projects on extreme heat, such as heat alerts sent to schools and public and healthcare facilities that provide steps for heat safety. Additionally, local projects have assessed and improved cooling center networks, which help provide a cool space to get out of the heat during the summer.
The program has created and distributed heat safety toolkits for various specific at-risk populations, including outdoor workers, older adults, and school children. The program and local partners have also increased their capacity to perform heat illness surveillance activities and coordinated a state heat preparedness workgroup. In addition to adapting to the challenges of heat, other work has focused on understanding climate impacts on vector-borne diseases and the fungal disease called Valley fever.
The program has also assisted in developing public health emergency response plans for wildfires and flooding. This work benefits various populations such as the homeless, elderly, children, local officials, and residents of low income and minority neighborhoods.
What meteorological factors are going to change? How much will they change? Will there be spatial variation? These are foundational issues for public health agencies in preparing for the impacts of climate change.
Following a deadly heat wave in May , the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation AMC realized that coordinated action was needed to protect its residents from extreme heat and to become more climate-resilient.
As part of a climate change risk assessment, Public Health England took the initiative to analyse the impact of cold winters and warm summers on the number of ambulance call-outs and ambulance response times in London. This study is the first of its kind in the United Kingdom. Initial findings show that there is a clear relationship between air temperature and emergency ambulance calls. Heatwaves kill more people than any other natural hazard in Australia. Current literature on managing health risks of heatwaves highlights the importance of implementing urban planning measures, and engaging with vulnerable groups on a local level to better understand perceptions of risk and tailor health protection measures.
This paper reviews arrangements to reduce heatwave health risks in South East Queensland in response to these themes. A literature search and document analysis, stakeholder interviews, and multi-stakeholder cross-sectoral workshops revealed that although heatwave management is not always considered by local government and disaster management stakeholders, many urban planning measures to minimize urban heat have been pursued.
However, greater information from vulnerable groups is still needed to better inform heatwave management measures. Federal, state, and local agencies are working to provide more advanced warnings and services to help people better prepare for—and respond to—extreme heat events. Close collaboration between SCHSA and HKO highlights the importance of partnership and stakeholder engagement in improving the delivery and communication of useful weather and climate information to the health sector and promoting public awareness on the care of elderly people.
Post-event reports are produced regionally and aggregated annually. The HHWS was developed to reduce the heat related mortality. The HHWS is in operation since and preliminary studies indicate a reduction in the heat related mortality ever since.
This study provided a pilot assessment of vulnerability to heat exposure in a rural context during the peak summer months of , with a focus on indoor and outdoor temperatures. This Plan is based upon a comprehensive approach taking into consideration both mitigation and adaptation, incorporating climate considerations into decision-making, and including adaptation concerns in municipal processes.
At this time, three measures have been implemented: 1 a local heat alert system; 2 the Smart Sun Educational Programme; and 3 building capacity of the fire brigade. This report looks at how the local community of Ahmedabad in Western India is preparing for the increasingly extreme heat of the city. Heat waves bring some level of discomfort to nearly everyone.
When excessive heat catches vulnerable populations off guard, though, discomfort can advance to illness and even death. Learn about strategies taken in Minnesota that help protect people in both rural and urban settings. In the January heatwave, a prototype heatwave alert system had just been introduced, based on research identifying a threshold temperature above which excess mortality occurred in Melbourne, Australia. By the time of the January heat wave, the heat alert system had been considerably refined, based on further scientific work 2—4 and intense interactions between climate scientists and public health authorities.
The excess mortality associated with the heat wave was substantially lower than in , even though the heat wave lasted longer. In order to reduce the vulnerability of elderly people to heat waves in Austria, a new communication approach was developed and tested as part of the CcTalK!
Cincinnati created a dedicated funding stream for its urban forestry program in that has enabled the city to maintain a high percentage of its tree canopy.
Heat mitigation is a key reason tree canopy is a priority. Los Angeles is the first U. The City of Long Beach, California, sees signs of climate change on land and in the ocean. This AdaptNY case study of the Chicago heat wave of looks at how the urban heat island effect is exacerbated by socio-economic factors and poor city planning.
Residents of the Carolinas are familiar with hot summers, but in some areas excessive heat events bring a higher risk for heat-related illness—and even death. A new tool can help local communities get ahead of heat events so they can reduce risk for their residents. This issue brief highlights the progress at the city, state and national level in India in to improve climate resilience to extreme heat, and captures key elements of heat action plans.
Drawing lessons from the ground-breaking Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan,3 city, state, and national level authorities are ramping up to implement extreme heat warning systems and preparedness plans. In , the national government is working with 23 states and over cities and districts to develop and implement heat action plans across India.
Toronto was the first city in North America to require and govern the construction of green roofs on new development. The project was piloted in four cities: Harbin, Nanjing, Shenzhen and Chongqing, located in different climate zones within China. Through a series of virtual events, hosted throughout a hour period, the dialogue will envision how a healthy, equitable recovery from COVID can drive rapid decarbonization of the world economy.
According to the US EPA, urban heat islands affect energy consumption, elevate greenhouse gas emissions, and impair water quality by increasing the temperature of urban water runoff. This training will address the use of remote sensing in determining where "hot spots" of land surface temperature are located in urban areas, why these areas are experiencing increased temperature, which populations are most vulnerable, and ways to mitigate the effects through adaptive land use planning.
Virtual events were held in summer in lieu of the in-person Forum. It is the sixth in the Adaptation Futures international conference series on global adaptation and the first to be held in Asia. As a premier event in the global adaptation spectrum, Adaptation Futures is a unique platform to facilitate dialogues towards action oriented solutions from a diverse range of stakeholders that includes academia, practitioners, scientists and policy makers from across the world.
Search Site Search Go. Extreme heat is a silent emergency. Learn More. Currently Featuring. Rapid, interactive learning of best practices and science for essential applications in heat health, taught by leading experts in the field. Explore the latest science and issues around Heat in the City and Heat in the Workplace. Emerging climate change-related public health challenges in Africa: A case study of the heat-health vulnerability of informal settlement residents in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Heat has the potential to become one of the most significant public health impacts of climate change in the coming decades.
View Case Study. Embed from Getty Images. View Action Plan. Surviving and thriving in the heat: evidencing heat impacts and management for exposed occupations in and beyond the workplace Working people are particularly vulnerable to environmental heat.
View Project. Heatwave Early Actions Test in Hanoi In advance of a heatwave affecting Hanoi from July , Red Cross cooling centres and other early actions were tested in an attempt reduce the occurrence of heat-related symptoms in vulnerable populations. Two-way effect modifications of air pollution and air temperature on total natural and cardiovascular mortality in eight European urban areas Although epidemiological studies have reported associations between mortality and both ambient air pollution and air temperature, it remains uncertain whether the mortality effects of air pollution are modified by temperature and vice versa.
View Resource. The Role of Fluid Temperature and Form on Endurance Performance in the Heat Exercising in the heat often results in an excessive increase in body core temperature, which can be detrimental to health and endurance performance.
Biophysical aspects of human thermoregulation during heat stress Humans maintain a relatively constant core temperature through the dynamic balance between endogenous heat production and heat dissipation to the surrounding environment. Responses to hyperthermia. Optimizing heat dissipation by convection and evaporation: Neural control of skin blood flow and sweating in humans Under normothermic, resting conditions, humans dissipate heat from the body at a rate approximately equal to heat production.
National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Exertional Heat Illnesses Objective: To present best-practice recommendations for the prevention, recognition, and treatment of exertional heat illnesses EHIs and to describe the relevant physiology of thermoregulation.
Exertional heat illness: emerging concepts and advances in prehospital care Exertional heat illness is a classification of disease with clinical presentations that are not always diagnosed easily. Precooling and percooling cooling during exercise both improve performance in the heat: a meta-analytical review Exercise increases core body temperature Tc , which is necessary to optimise physiological processes. Fluid Balance and Hydration Considerations for Women: Review and Future Directions Although it is well understood that dehydration can have a major impact on exercise performance and thermoregulatory physiology, the potential for interactions between female sex hormone influences and the impact of dehydration on these variables is poorly understood.
Consensus Recommendations on Training and Competing in the Heat Exercising in the heat induces thermoregulatory and other physiological strain that can lead to impairments in endurance exercise capacity. Exertional Heat Illness during Training and Competition Exertional heat illness can affect athletes during high-intensity or long-duration exercise and result in withdrawal from activity or collapse during or soon after activity. The Inter-Association Task Force Document on Emergency Health and Safety: Best-Practice Recommendations for Youth Sports Leagues In an effort to improve the emergency health and safety best practices and policies in youth sport, this document was developed to serve as a road map for policy and procedure recommendations.
A review of outdoor thermal comfort indices and neutral ranges for hot-humid regions This paper reviews frequently used outdoor thermal comfort indices in hot-humid regions and neutral thermal ranges to offer guidelines for selecting an appropriate index for hot-humid regions. Analyzing the heat island magnitude and characteristics in one hundred Asian and Australian cities and regions Urban heat island is the more documented phenomenon of climate change. Attribution of mortality to the urban heat island during heatwaves in the West Midlands, UK The Urban Heat Island UHI effect describes the phenomenon whereby cities are generally warmer than surrounding rural areas.
Efficacy of Heat Mitigation Strategies on Core Temperature and Endurance Exercise: A Meta-Analysis A majority of high profile international sporting events, including the coming Tokyo Olympics, are held in warm and humid conditions. Heat wave and the risk of intimate partner violence A high number of women report experiencing intimate partner violence IPV. Paris CAC 40 : 0. Market closed Prices as at close on 12 November Switch to live prices. Deal now. The selling price currently displayed is higher than the buying price.
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Shares in issue. Dividend yield : 1. Instead of sourcing data and updates across spreadsheets, documents, and other tools, you can easily gather the information with the click of a button—and share it out with stakeholders in just another click. This makes it difficult to get ahead of problems, like missed deadlines, before they spiral out of control, or on the flipside recognize underutilized talent.
Managing all of your projects in the same place is a good first step to solving this. Then you can defer, remove, or re-delegate tasks to keep your projects on track. Not all tools have filters that allow for this, so make sure you choose one that does. For example, you may have a designer who is responsible for a small task, like editing a couple of photos, for your next product launch, but also single-handedly designing, printing, and delivering brochures, business cards, and posters for a conference happening—next month!
At the same time, another designer has extra bandwidth. For example, if you try to launch three different web updates at same time, they might end up conflicting with each other or dragging on longer than expected because your team is trying to do too much at once. Here are a few tips:. Look out for dependencies: Do you need to complete that infrastructure overhaul before building a new website?
If so, schedule the dependent project for after your planned completion date of the first. Flag duplicate tasks: If you have the same piece of work in two different projects, consolidate it. Timing can make all the difference in keeping multiple projects on track and helping your team be their most productive. How can you walk it? No manager—whether a product manager vs. By sharing a single source of truth with your team, you have a way to track all of the work everyone is doing.
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